Reprocessing and Recycling of Spent Nuclear Fuel

by Robin Taylor

Reprocessing and Recycling of Spent Nuclear Fuel presents an authoritative overview of spent fuel reprocessing, considering future prospects for advanced closed fuel cycles.

Reprocessing and Recycling of Spent Nuclear Fuel

Author: Robin Taylor

Publisher: Elsevier

ISBN: 178242217X

Page: 684

View: 105

Reprocessing and Recycling of Spent Nuclear Fuel presents an authoritative overview of spent fuel reprocessing, considering future prospects for advanced closed fuel cycles. Part One introduces the recycling and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, reviewing past and current technologies, the possible implications of Generation IV nuclear reactors, and associated safely and security issues. Parts Two and Three focus on aqueous-based reprocessing methods and pyrochemical methods, while final chapters consider the cross-cutting aspects of engineering and process chemistry and the potential for implementation of advanced closed fuel cycles in different parts of the world. Expert introduction to the recycling and reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel Detailed overview of past and current technologies, the possible implications of Generation IV nuclear reactors, and associated safely and security issues A lucid exploration of aqueous-based reprocessing methods and pyrochemical methods

Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing

by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy

The U.S. nuclear industry has not been interested in moving to reprocessing
because today it is cheaper to mine uranium and turn it into fresh fuel ( through “
uranium enrichment ” ) than it is to reprocess and recycle spent fuel . 5.
Background ...

Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy

Publisher:

ISBN:

Page: 151

View: 696

Economic Aspects of Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing

by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy

make informed decisions about managing the growing stockpile of spent nuclear
fuel . ... I want to welcome everyone to this hearing on what impact reprocessing
and recycling might have on the economics of the nuclear fuel cycle should we ...

Economic Aspects of Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy

Publisher:

ISBN:

Page: 107

View: 801

Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing and Waste Management

by Zhang Jinsuo

This book focuses on two significant areas of (used) nuclear fuel: the reprocessing technology, and waste disposal and management.

Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing and Waste Management

Author: Zhang Jinsuo

Publisher: World Scientific

ISBN: 9813271388

Page: 308

View: 455

The question of how to effectively, efficiently, and responsibly manage used nuclear fuels is a concern of major impediment in the light of today's increasing usage of nuclear power and development of advanced nuclear reactors. This book focuses on two significant areas of (used) nuclear fuel: the reprocessing technology, and waste disposal and management. The book covers the fundamental knowledge, the current state-of-the-art, and future research activities for each topic. This book provides readers with the fundamental knowledge behind of nuclear used fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste management, and their technical applications, and their requirements and practices; to make the readers aware of social, economic, and environmental concerns as well as technical research needs. The book covers two well-known and well-developed reprocessing technologies: aqueous reprocessing technology, and electrochemical pyroprocessing. On the subject of waste management, it covers the dry storage of used nuclear fuel, novel waste form design, and nuclear waste disposal. This book is a good guide for readers who want to understand, apply, or develop the technologies.

Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage

by Committee on the Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage

Public Report Committee on the Safety and Security of Commercial Spent
Nuclear Fuel Storage, National Research ... By this time the price of fresh
uranium was dropping and the cost of fuel reprocessing made it difficult for
recycle fuel to ...

Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage

Author: Committee on the Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage

Publisher: National Academies Press

ISBN: 0309165199

Page: 106

View: 331

In response to a request from Congress, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Department of Homeland Security sponsored a National Academies study to assess the safety and security risks of spent nuclear fuel stored in cooling pools and dry casks at commercial nuclear power plants. The information provided in this book examines the risks of terrorist attacks using these materials for a radiological dispersal device. Safety and Security of Commercial Spent Nuclear Fuel is an unclassified public summary of a more detailed classified book. The book finds that successful terrorist attacks on spent fuel pools, though difficult, are possible. A propagating fire in a pool could release large amounts of radioactive material, but rearranging spent fuel in the pool during storage and providing emergency water spray systems would reduce the likelihood of a propagating fire even under severe damage conditions. The book suggests that additional studies are needed to better understand these risks. Although dry casks have advantages over cooling pools, pools are necessary at all operating nuclear power plants to store at least the recently discharged fuel. The book explains it would be difficult for terrorists to steal enough spent fuel to construct a significant radiological dispersal device.

Review of DOE s Nuclear Energy Research and Development Program

by National Research Council

A central question in dealing with these issues is whether to close the nuclear
fuel cycle by reprocessing the spent fuel and recycling its components or to
employ a once-through fuel cycle, treating spent fuel as waste. Various nations
have ...

Review of DOE s Nuclear Energy Research and Development Program

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

ISBN: 0309111242

Page: 102

View: 141

There has been a substantial resurgence of interest in nuclear power in the United States over the past few years. One consequence has been a rapid growth in the research budget of DOE's Office of Nuclear Energy (NE). In light of this growth, the Office of Management and Budget included within the FY2006 budget request a study by the National Academy of Sciences to review the NE research programs and recommend priorities among those programs. The programs to be evaluated were: Nuclear Power 2010 (NP 2010), Generation IV (GEN IV), the Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative (NHI), the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP)/Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI), and the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) facilities. This book presents a description and analysis of each program along with specific findings and recommendations. It also provides an assessment of program priorities and oversight.

Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle

by Mary Beth Dunham Nikitin

The other option is to reprocess the spent fuel to separate the uranium and
plutonium for use in new fuel. Supporters of reprocessing, or recycling, contend
that it could greatly reduce the volume and longevity of nuclear waste while vastly
 ...

Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle

Author: Mary Beth Dunham Nikitin

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

ISBN: 1437923232

Page: 39

View: 966

Contents: (1) Introduction; (2) Renewed Interest in Nuclear Power Expansion: (a) Worldwide Nuclear Power Status; (b) Nuclear Fuel Services Market: Yellowcake; Conversion; Enrichment; Fuel Fabrication; (c) Final Stages of the Fuel Cycle; (d) Waste Disposal and Energy Security; (3) Proposals on the Fuel Cycle: Pres. Bush¿s '04 Proposal; Discussions in the Nuclear Suppliers Group; El Baradei Proposal; IAEA Experts Group/INFCIRC/640; Putin Initiative; Six Country Concept; IAEA Fuel Bank; Congress. Support; World Nuclear Assoc.; IAEA Standby Arrange. System; Multilateral Enrichment Sanctuary Project; Enrichment Bonds; Global Nuclear Energy Partnership; (4) Comparison of Proposals; (5) Prospects for Implementing Fuel Assurance Mechanisms.

Setting the Stage for International Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Facilities

by National Research Council

Based on Japanese policy, the spent nuclear fuel is reprocessed and plutonium
and recovered uranium are recycled. From 1973 to 1998, 5,610 MTU of spent
fuel was reprocessed in plants in France and the United Kingdom. The Tokai ...

Setting the Stage for International Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Facilities

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

ISBN: 9780309119610

Page: 128

View: 643

In May 2003, the Russian Academy of Sciences and the National Academies organized an international workshop in Moscow on the scientific issues relevant to the establishment and operation of an international spent nuclear fuel storage facility in Russia. Given the broad international interest in this topic, the academies organized a second international workshop on important issues that were not on the agenda or were not adequately discussed at the first workshop. These issues included international monitoring at the facility, transportation requirements, liability and insurance concerns, and status of Russian legislation and regulations that are important in locating and operating a facility. Relevant experience from Europe, the United States, and Asia was also considered in this 2005 workshop. This book contains the papers presented at the 2005 workshop sessions, as well as proceedings from the 2003 workshop. Together they provide an overview of the issues, and useful background for those organizations and individuals involved in further development of an international spent nuclear fuel storage facility in Russia.

Advancing Technology for Nuclear Fuel Recycling

by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007)

Open ( or once - through ) nuclear fuel cycle Conversion Mining Fuel Fabrication
Milling Recycle Fuel Waste Disposal High - Level Waste Spent Fuel
Reprocessing Recycle Reactor Figure 2. Closed nuclear fuel cycle ( or
reprocessing ...

Advancing Technology for Nuclear Fuel Recycling

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007)

Publisher:

ISBN:

Page: 73

View: 795

Nuclear Waste Disposal

by Mark Holt

... at least 1,000 years – will still be required. In other words, if Yucca Mountain
were abandoned, another repository site in the United States would almost
certainly have to be found eventually. Reprocessing and recycling of nuclear
spent fuel ...

Nuclear Waste Disposal

Author: Mark Holt

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

ISBN: 1437923275

Page: 24

View: 341

Contents: (1) Proposals for a New Direction; (2) Baseline: Current Waste Program Projections; (3) Options for Halting or Delaying Yucca Mountain: Withdraw License Application; Reduce Appropriations; Key Policy Appointments; Waste Program Review; (4) Consequences of a Yucca Mountain Policy Shift: Federal Liabilities for Disposal Delays; Licensing Complications for New Power Reactors; Environmental Cleanup Penalties; Long-Term Risk; (5) Nuclear Waste Policy: Options; Institutional Changes; Extended On-Site Storage; Federal Central Interim Storage; Private Central Storage; Spent Fuel Reprocessing and Recycling; Non-Repository Options; New Repository Site; (6) Concluding Discussion.

Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle

by Russian Academy of Sciences

A second option for the disposition of spent LEU fuel is to reprocess the fuel and
recycle the recovered plutonium in ... 16Russia has passed laws to enable it to
accept foreign spent nuclear fuel for reprocessing, including disposal of the
waste, ...

Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle

Author: Russian Academy of Sciences

Publisher: National Academies Press

ISBN: 9780309185943

Page: 172

View: 367

The so-called nuclear renaissance has increased worldwide interest in nuclear power. This potential growth also has increased, in some quarters, concern that nonproliferation considerations are not being given sufficient attention. In particular, since introduction of many new power reactors will lead to requiring increased uranium enrichment services to provide the reactor fuel, the proliferation risk of adding enrichment facilities in countries that do not have them now led to proposals to provide the needed fuel without requiring indigenous enrichment facilities. Similar concerns exist for reprocessing facilities. Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle summarizes key issues and analyses of the topic, offers some criteria for evaluating options, and makes findings and recommendations to help the United States, the Russian Federation, and the international community reduce proliferation and other risks, as nuclear power is used more widely. This book is intended for all those who are concerned about the need for assuring fuel for new reactors and at the same time limiting the spread of nuclear weapons. This audience includes the United States and Russia, other nations that currently supply nuclear material and technology, many other countries contemplating starting or growing nuclear power programs, and the international organizations that support the safe, secure functioning of the international nuclear fuel cycle, most prominently the International Atomic Energy Agency.

Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Expansion Strategies

by James Michael Gallagher

If the costs associated with preparing fresh fuel exceed the net costs of
reprocessing and recycling the spent fuel , fuel recycle is economically desirable
. This section compares the economics of LWR spent fuel recycle with the "
throwaway ...

Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Expansion Strategies

Author: James Michael Gallagher

Publisher:

ISBN:

Page: 233

View: 755

This report describes an interdisciplinary effort to apply the techniques of operations research and energy system modeling to a problem of concern to the nuclear-electric power system, namely, determination of cost-effective strategies for capacity expansion of the domestic nuclear fuel reprocessing industry for the 1975-2000 time period. The research also determines cost disadvantages associated with alternative strategies which may be attractive for political, social, or ecological reasons. The sensitivity of results to changes in cost assumptions is investigated at some length.

Nuclear Wastes

by National Research Council

... involve reprocessing and recycle of actinides from LWR spent fuel, it is
instructive to examine the cost of conventional aqueous reprocessing to recycle
uranium and plutonium in the LWR fuel cycle, even neglecting the expected
higher cost ...

Nuclear Wastes

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

ISBN: 0309176484

Page: 592

View: 269

Disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear weapons production and power generation has caused public outcry and political consternation. Nuclear Wastes presents a critical review of some waste management and disposal alternatives to the current national policy of direct disposal of light water reactor spent fuel. The book offers clearcut conclusions for what the nation should do today and what solutions should be explored for tomorrow. The committee examines the currently used "once-through" fuel cycle versus different alternatives of separations and transmutation technology systems, by which hazardous radionuclides are converted to nuclides that are either stable or radioactive with short half-lives. The volume provides detailed findings and conclusions about the status and feasibility of plutonium extraction and more advanced separations technologies, as well as three principal transmutation concepts for commercial reactor spent fuel. The book discusses nuclear proliferation; the U.S. nuclear regulatory structure; issues of health, safety and transportation; the proposed sale of electrical energy as a means of paying for the transmutation system; and other key issues.

Global Nuclear Energy Partnership

by Gene Aloise

DoE Should Reassess Its Approach to Designing and Building Spent Nuclear
Fuel Recycling Facilities Gene Aloise ... R&D activities related to development of
advanced reprocessing, fast reactor, waste form, and recycled fuel technologies
at ...

Global Nuclear Energy Partnership

Author: Gene Aloise

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

ISBN: 1437905935

Page: 50

View: 558

The Dept. of Energy (DoE) proposes under the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) to build facilities to begin recycling the nation's commercial spent nuclear fuel. GNEP¿s objectives include reducing radioactive waste disposed of in a geologic repository and mitigating the nuclear proliferation risks of existing recycling technologies. The current GNEP plan favors working with industry to demonstrate the latest commercially available technology in full-scale facilities and to do so in a way that will attract industry investment. This report evaluates the extent to which DoE would address GNEP¿s objectives under: (1) its original engineering-scale approach; and (2) the accelerated approach to building full-scale facilities. Includes recommend. Ill.

Making the Most of Energy in Real Estate

by

With large scale reprocessing and recycling , the recovered uranium and
plutonium could reduce the demand for uranium concentrate by about 20 percent
. Nevertheless , it is against U.S. policy to reprocess spent fuel and recycle
plutonium .

Making the Most of Energy in Real Estate

Author:

Publisher:

ISBN:

Page: 434

View: 999